Category Archives: Raspberry Pi

Experiment, IOT, Linux Administration, mesh, Network, Raspberry Pi

Howto setup Rasbian Buster with BATMAN Mesh networking | raspberry pi 3 rasbian mesh batman network

October 19, 2019 g33k Leave a comment

I wrote this article a while ago about setting up BATMAN mesh networking with Rasbian Jesse on a Raspberry Pi 3.

This worked well, but stopped working with the newer versions of Rasbian, since there have been changes to the operating system.

After testing for several days, I found adding one command into the original script gets it to work just fine.

How to below.

After a fresh install of Rasbian Buster, connect to the system via ssh and run the following command to install BATMAN.

apt-get install vim batctl

1	apt-get install vim batctl

Lets create the mesh startup script.

vim /root/mesh.sh

1	vim /root/mesh.sh

The script will contain the instructions for bring up the interfaces and get mesh, just change the IP address at the bottom on the next hosts, increment by one. Copy and past the following into the mesh.sh file.

#!/bin/bash
sudo modprobe batman-adv
killall wpa_supplicant
sudo ip link set wlan0 down
sudo ifconfig wlan0 mtu 1500
sudo iwconfig wlan0 mode ad-hoc
sudo iwconfig wlan0 essid my-mesh-network
sudo iwconfig wlan0 ap any
sudo iwconfig wlan0 channel 8
sleep 1s
sudo ip link set wlan0 up
sleep 1s
sudo batctl if add wlan0
sleep 1s
sudo ifconfig bat0 up
sleep 5s
sudo ifconfig bat0 172.27.0.1/16

#!/bin/bash

sudo modprobe batman-adv

killall wpa_supplicant

sudo ip link set wlan0 down

sudo ifconfig wlan0 mtu 1500

sudo iwconfig wlan0 mode ad-hoc

sudo iwconfig wlan0 essid my-mesh-network

sudo iwconfig wlan0 ap any

sudo iwconfig wlan0 channel 8

sleep 1s

sudo ip link set wlan0 up

sleep 1s

sudo batctl if add wlan0

sleep 1s

sudo ifconfig bat0 up

sleep 5s

sudo ifconfig bat0 172.27.0.1/16

Now let make the script executable.

chmod 700 mesh.sh

1	chmod 700 mesh.sh

And add to crontab so that its executed at every reboot

crontab -e

1	crontab -e

Add the following

@reboot /root/mesh

1	@reboot /root/mesh

Reboot and mesh should be up and running.

Test by executing the following command.

batctl n

batctl n

Should see something like this.

root@raspberrypi:~# batctl tg
[B.A.T.M.A.N. adv 2018.3, MainIF/MAC: wlan0/b8:27:eb:83:bb:b6 (bat0/32:aa:7d:80:d3:77 BATMAN_IV)]
Client VID Flags Last ttvn Via ttvn (CRC )
* 96:6d:04:72:fd:1c -1 [....] ( 1) b8:27:eb:21:96:2e ( 1) (0x3fc26c43)
root@raspberrypi:~#

root@raspberrypi:~# batctl tg

[B.A.T.M.A.N. adv 2018.3, MainIF/MAC: wlan0/b8:27:eb:83:bb:b6 (bat0/32:aa:7d:80:d3:77 BATMAN_IV)]

Client VID Flags Last ttvn Via ttvn (CRC )

* 96:6d:04:72:fd:1c -1 [....] ( 1) b8:27:eb:21:96:2e ( 1) (0x3fc26c43)

root@raspberrypi:~#

Linux Administration, Network, Raspberry Pi, Security

Raspberry Pi 3 error IPTables | Raspberry pi error – iptables v1.4.21: can’t initialize iptables table `nat’: Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?)

December 11, 2018 g33k Leave a comment

Was building a RPi3 machine and got the following error after an update.

iptables v1.4.21: can't initialize iptables table `nat': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?)

1	iptables v1.4.21: can't initialize iptables table `nat': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?)

Turns out nothing to worry about, just reboot the Pi.

Product Reviews, Raspberry Pi

Raspberry Pi 3 A+ VS 3 B+ | compare the raspberry pi 3 a + to the 3 B +

November 20, 2018 g33k Leave a comment

The new Raspberry Pi 3 A+ was just released, basically its a cut down version of the 3 B+.

Here is a comparison between the two.

	RPi3A+	RPi3B+	Difference
CPU	BCM2837B0 1.4GHz	BCM2837B0 1.4GHz	Same
Memory	512MB	1GB	-512MB
Network	Wifi, Bluetooth	Ethernet, Wifi, Bluetooth	-Ethernet
Size	65mm x 56mm	85mm X 56mm	-20mm Shorter
USB Ports	4	1	-3

DevOps, Experiment, IOT, Linux Administration, Raspberry Pi

Dump1090 to MySQL Script | send flight data from dump1090 to mysql

October 10, 2018 g33k Leave a comment

I wanted a script which would read all the live dump1090 aircraft data and log it to a mysql database.

This base script does it, it will dump all the data to Mysql every minute.

It will start the dump1090 server and kick off a process which reads/sorts and inserts.

#!/bin/bash

dbserver="localhost"
dbuser="flighttrax"
dbpw="flighttrax"
dbtable="flighttrax"
clientid="1000000"
core="/root/file.txt"
dump="/tmp/dump.txt"
selectdate=`date -d "1 min ago" '+%Y/%m/%d,%H:%M'`
listener="localhost"
listenerport="30003"
ncpid=`ps waux | grep "nc $listener $listenerport"| grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`
dumppid=`ps waux | grep "dump1090"| grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`
log="/var/log/flighttrax.log"

echo "`date`" >> $log
echo "`date` - Starting script" >> $log
echo "`date` - Netcat pid is $ncpid" >> $log
echo "`date` - Dump1090 pid is $dumppid" >> $log

if [ -z $dumppid ]
then
echo "`date` - Dump1090 not started yet" >> $log
/root/dump1090/dump1090 --net --quiet &
echo "`date` - Started Dump1090" >> $log
exit
fi

if [ -z $ncpid ]
then
echo "`date` - Netcat not started yet" >> $log
nc $listener $listenerport >> $core
echo "`date` - Started NC" >> $log
exit
fi

echo "`date` - Copying last minute" >> $log
cat $core | grep $selectdate > $dump
echo "`date` - Calculating Entries" >> $log
entries=`wc -l $dump`
echo "`date` - Total of $entries to import" >> $log
echo "`date` - Starting FOR statement" >> $log
for i in `cat $dump | awk -F ',' '{print $5}' | sort | uniq | sed '/^$/d'`
do

reg=$i
flightnum=`cat $dump | grep $i | awk -F ',' '{print $11}'| sort| uniq | sed '/^$/d'|awk '{print $1}'|sed 's/\r//'`
for i in `cat $dump | grep $reg | awk -F ',' '{print $7","$8","$15","$16","$12}'| sort| uniq | sed '/,,/d'`
do
date=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $1}' | sed 's#/#-#g'`
time=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $2}'`
lat=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $3}'`
long=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $4}'`
alt=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $5}'`
echo "$reg,$flightnum,$date,$time,$lat,$long,$alt"
mysql -uflighttrax -pflighttrax flighttrax -e "INSERT INTO flighttrax VALUES ('','$clientid','$reg','$flightnum','$date $time','$lat','$long','$alt');"
done
done
echo "`date` - For completed" >> $log
echo "`date` - Deleting temp files" >> $log
rm $dump
echo "`date` - Done." >> $log

#!/bin/bash

dbserver="localhost"

dbuser="flighttrax"

dbpw="flighttrax"

dbtable="flighttrax"

clientid="1000000"

core="/root/file.txt"

dump="/tmp/dump.txt"

selectdate=`date -d "1 min ago" '+%Y/%m/%d,%H:%M'`

listener="localhost"

listenerport="30003"

ncpid=`ps waux | grep "nc $listener $listenerport"| grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`

dumppid=`ps waux | grep "dump1090"| grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`

log="/var/log/flighttrax.log"

echo "`date`" >> $log

echo "`date` - Starting script" >> $log

echo "`date` - Netcat pid is $ncpid" >> $log

echo "`date` - Dump1090 pid is $dumppid" >> $log

if [ -z $dumppid ]

then

echo "`date` - Dump1090 not started yet" >> $log

/root/dump1090/dump1090 --net --quiet &

echo "`date` - Started Dump1090" >> $log

exit

if [ -z $ncpid ]

then

echo "`date` - Netcat not started yet" >> $log

nc $listener $listenerport >> $core

echo "`date` - Started NC" >> $log

exit

echo "`date` - Copying last minute" >> $log

cat $core | grep $selectdate > $dump

echo "`date` - Calculating Entries" >> $log

entries=`wc -l $dump`

echo "`date` - Total of $entries to import" >> $log

echo "`date` - Starting FOR statement" >> $log

for i in `cat $dump | awk -F ',' '{print $5}' | sort | uniq | sed '/^$/d'`

reg=$i

flightnum=`cat $dump | grep $i | awk -F ',' '{print $11}'| sort| uniq | sed '/^$/d'|awk '{print $1}'|sed 's/\r//'`

for i in `cat $dump | grep $reg | awk -F ',' '{print $7","$8","$15","$16","$12}'| sort| uniq | sed '/,,/d'`

date=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $1}' | sed 's#/#-#g'`

time=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $2}'`

lat=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $3}'`

long=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $4}'`

alt=`echo $i| awk -F ',' '{print $5}'`

echo "$reg,$flightnum,$date,$time,$lat,$long,$alt"

mysql -uflighttrax -pflighttrax flighttrax -e "INSERT INTO flighttrax VALUES ('','$clientid','$reg','$flightnum','$date $time','$lat','$long','$alt');"

done

echo "`date` - For completed" >> $log

echo "`date` - Deleting temp files" >> $log

rm $dump

echo "`date` - Done." >> $log

DevOps, Linux Administration, Raspberry Pi

Having your Linux system email you! | How to write a script which emails you

September 27, 2018 g33k Leave a comment

Quite often you need to write scripts which need to email you urgent information, there is a very simply way to do this.

First we need to install an email server to transmit the emails.

sudo apt-get install postfix

1	sudo apt-get install postfix

Then insert the following into your script.

 mail -s "Host File"  name@address.com &lt; /etc/hosts

1	mail -s "Host File" name@address.com < /etc/hosts

In the above example it will email a copy of your local host file, change be change for any file you want transmitted.

See this script for a working example.

DevOps, IOT, Linux Administration, Network, Raspberry Pi

Visibility when your IP changes and is updated by no-ip | email notification when ip changes home adsl nbn bash script

September 26, 2018 g33k 1 Comment

My new internet connection with NBN changes the IP on a regular basis, but I wanted visibility as to how often.

So I’ve written a bash script which records your IP and date, once it changes it records your new IP and sends you an email to notify you of the new change.

This is completed by querying your no-ip dns record.

#!/bin/bash

domain="$1"
log="ip_log_$domain.txt"
email="name@gmail.com"

currentip=$(nslookup ${domain} | grep Address | tail -n 1| awk '{print $2}')
lastip=$(cat $log | tail -n 1 | awk -F ',' '{print $2}')

if [ -z ${lastip} ]
then
echo "$(date),${currentip}" >> ${log}
exit 0
fi

if [ ${lastip} == ${currentip} ]
then
echo "Nothing changed."
else
echo "$(date),${currentip}" >> ${log}
mail -s "IP Address Change" ${email} < /home/tdionisakos/ip_log_${domain}.txt
fi

#!/bin/bash

domain="$1"

log="ip_log_$domain.txt"

email="name@gmail.com"

currentip=$(nslookup ${domain} | grep Address | tail -n 1| awk '{print $2}')

lastip=$(cat $log | tail -n 1 | awk -F ',' '{print $2}')

if [ -z ${lastip} ]

then

echo "$(date),${currentip}" >> ${log}

exit 0

if [ ${lastip} == ${currentip} ]

then

echo "Nothing changed."

else

echo "$(date),${currentip}" >> ${log}

mail -s "IP Address Change" ${email} < /home/tdionisakos/ip_log_${domain}.txt

Usage

./ip_checker.sh domain.no-ip.com

1	./ip_checker.sh domain.no-ip.com

Cron Entry. (runs every hour)

33 * * * * /home/tdionisakos/ip_change.sh hop.no-ip.com

1	33 * * * * /home/tdionisakos/ip_change.sh hop.no-ip.com

Experiment, Linux Administration, Product Reviews, Raspberry Pi

SD Card review on the Raspberry Pi | Improving the raspberry pis performance with different storage cd card

September 24, 2018 g33k Leave a comment

I was running Nextcloud on a Raspberry Pi zero w, the performance is not there.

I ran top to determine the IO Wait times, it was high. High enough that the performance would be impacted.

I ran a test on two different cards.

The is a Sandisk Ultra 16gb ($9) and the Sandisk Extreme Pro 128gb ($120), looks like the price does not improve performance on the raspberry pi Zero. I will write another article when I test the latest Raspberry Pi and see if the results change.

Sandisk Ultra

root@zero:~# dd bs=1M count=1000 if=/dev/zero of=test.iso
1000+0 records in
1000+0 records out
1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB, 1000 MiB) copied, 48.7425 s, 21.5 MB/s

root@zero:~# dd bs=1M count=1000 if=/dev/zero of=test.iso

1000+0 records in

1000+0 records out

1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB, 1000 MiB) copied, 48.7425 s, 21.5 MB/s

Sandisk Extreme Pro

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ dd bs=1M count=1000 if=/dev/zero of=test.iso
1000+0 records in
1000+0 records out
1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB, 1000 MiB) copied, 51.0118 s, 20.6 MB/s
pi@raspberrypi:~ $

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ dd bs=1M count=1000 if=/dev/zero of=test.iso

1000+0 records in

1000+0 records out

1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB, 1000 MiB) copied, 51.0118 s, 20.6 MB/s

pi@raspberrypi:~ $

Apple, DevOps, Linux Administration, Raspberry Pi

Encrypting your home area for backup with Openssl | using openssl to encrypte and automate your backups to fileserver

September 20, 2018 g33k Leave a comment

Im currently running a Linux desktop, the other day the disk become corrupt and I lost my home area. Not a big problem as I dont store much data, but I lost all my ssh keys, configs etc. It took a few days to recover.

In an effort to stop that from happening again I want to backup all my data to the company file server, but I dont want them to have access to my keys and configs ect.

So I have scripted a backup which will encrypt on the fly. Through it into cron and you have a daily backup.

This is the command you run to create backup, notice the password is in the command. This is allow for automated backups using Cron.

tar -czf - /home/username/* | openssl enc -e -aes256 -pass pass:password -out /mnt/backupmount/backup.tar.gz

1	tar -czf - /home/username/* \| openssl enc -e -aes256 -pass pass:password -out /mnt/backupmount/backup.tar.gz

And the following command is to run a restore, once executed you will be prompted for the password.

openssl enc -d -aes256 -in /mnt/backupmount/backup.tar.gz | tar xz

1	openssl enc -d -aes256 -in /mnt/backupmount/backup.tar.gz \| tar xz

DevOps, docker, Linux Administration, Network, Raspberry Pi

How to mount NFS in a Docker Ubuntu container | mounting nfs shares in docker containers

July 20, 2018 g33k Leave a comment

I had problems mounting NFS shares in my docker container, error would appear with permissions denied. This is the fix which worked for me.

Inside the container execute the following.

apt-get update

apt-get install nfs-common -y

apt-get update

apt-get install nfs-common -y

on the host execute the following to mount the share.

docker exec --privileged=true 191b603b04b9 mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.1.5:local /mnt

1	docker exec --privileged=true 191b603b04b9 mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.1.5:local /mnt

Linux Administration, Raspberry Pi

Getting docker running on a Raspberry Pi 3 | setup docker on a raspberry pi 3

July 11, 2018 g33k Leave a comment

This has to be one of the easiest tasks!

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade -y
curl -sSL https://get.docker.com | sh

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade -y

curl -sSL https://get.docker.com | sh

This will completed all the tasks in the background

Enjoy

Tech Interchange

Category Archives: Raspberry Pi

Howto setup Rasbian Buster with BATMAN Mesh networking | raspberry pi 3 rasbian mesh batman network

Raspberry Pi 3 error IPTables | Raspberry pi error – iptables v1.4.21: can’t initialize iptables table `nat’: Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?)

Raspberry Pi 3 A+ VS 3 B+ | compare the raspberry pi 3 a + to the 3 B +

Dump1090 to MySQL Script | send flight data from dump1090 to mysql

Having your Linux system email you! | How to write a script which emails you

Visibility when your IP changes and is updated by no-ip | email notification when ip changes home adsl nbn bash script

SD Card review on the Raspberry Pi | Improving the raspberry pis performance with different storage cd card

Encrypting your home area for backup with Openssl | using openssl to encrypte and automate your backups to fileserver

How to mount NFS in a Docker Ubuntu container | mounting nfs shares in docker containers

Getting docker running on a Raspberry Pi 3 | setup docker on a raspberry pi 3

Projects, products and howtos